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Optimization of in situ formation of a titanium carbide nanohybrid via mechanical alloying using stearic acid and carbon nanotubes as carbon sources
MARIA LUISA CAMACHO RIOS
Guillermo Manuel Herrera Perez
Marco Antonio Ruiz Esparza Rodríguez
Raúl Pérez Bustamante
John Edison García Herrera
Jose Antonio Betancourt Cantera
Daniel Lardizabal Gutiérrez
Acceso Abierto
Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual
https://www.mdpi.com/journal/jcs
https://www.mdpi.com/2504-477X/7/12/502
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs7120502
2504-477X
Titanium carbide
Nanocomposites
Mechanical alloying
Process control agent
Carbon
Nanotubes
Titanium
The current work shows the optimization of the preparation of nanosized titanium carbide in situ through mechanical alloying. Metallic titanium powders, along with two carbon sources, carbon nanotubes, and stearic acid, were used to reduce the particle size (around 11 nm) using an SPEX 800 high-energy mill. The combined use of 2 wt % of these carbon sources and n-heptane as a liquid process control agent proved crucial in generating nanoscale powder composites through a simple and scalable synthesis process within a 4 h timeframe. The uses of 20 wt % of both carbon sources were compared to determine the ability of carbon nanotubes to form carbides and the decomposition of process control agent during mechanical milling. The structure of the composites and starting materials were evaluated through X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy, while the morphology features (average particle size and shape) were monitored via scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.
Author Contributions: Conceptualization, M.L.C.-R. and G.H.-P.; methodology, D.L.-G.; software, J.E.G.-H. and J.A.B.-C.; validation,D.L.-G. and R.P.-B.; formal analysis,M.L.C.-R.; investigation,M.L.C.-R.; resources, G.H.-P.; data curation, M.A.R.E.-R.; writing—original draft preparation, M.L.C.-R.; writing—review and editing, G.H.-P. and M.L.C.-R.; visualization, D.L.-G.; supervision, D.L.-G. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. Funding: This research received no external funding.
Data Availability Statement: Data are contained within the article.
Acknowledgments: M. L. Camacho-Rios thanks the National Council of Science and Technology for the opportunity to participate in the postdoctoral scholarship project No. 2866844. G. Herrera-Perez would like to thank the complementary support of SNI I–CONAHCyT and Catedra Grant No. 2563 of CONAHCyT Mexico. The authors express gratitude to COMIMSA, CIATEQ, CIMAV, and Nanotech for the facilities. Special thanks for data acquisition support are given to Andrés González (XRD), Karla Campos (SEM) and Pedro Pizá (Raman). The authors thank Luis Mauricio Valdez (UTCH) for technical English language assistance.
Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
MDPI
2023
Artículo
Journal of Composites Science, vol. 7, no. 12, 502.
Inglés
Público en general
Camacho-Ríos, M. L., Herrera-Pérez, G., Ruiz Esparza-Rodríguez, M. A., Pérez-Bustamante, R., García-Herrera, J. E., Betancourt-Cantera, J. A., & Lardizábal-Gutiérrez, D. (2023). Optimization of in situ formation of a titanium carbide nanohybrid via mechanical alloying using stearic acid and carbon nanotubes as carbon sources. Journal of Composites Science, 7(12), 502. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs7120502
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